History
Historical development of the University Clinic for Otolaryngology Magdeburg
In 1954, a medical academy was created in Magdeburg, which emerged as a natural progression of expansion and growth from the Municipal Hospitals.
There was a ward in the ENT department since 1888, which was founded by Friedrich Kretschmann (student of Hermann Schwartze in Halle) and then led by Ohnacker, Kleestedt and Bregulla. In 1951, Wilhelm Küstner was hired as head physician who was in charge of the expansion of the clinic. When the academy was founded, they called him the first ENT specialist.
The municipal clinic became Academy Clinic and then University Hospital after the Association of Medical Academy, College of Education and Technical University in 1993 to Otto von Guericke University.
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Friedrich, Robert Kretschmann (1858- 1934)
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Director of the HNO in Magdeburg:
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Wilhelm Küstner (1900 - 1981)
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Dr. W. Küstner, who habilitated in 1954, was appointed in October, the same year as the first full professor of ear, nose and throat medicine in Magdeburg. In the 50s and early 60s, the hospital staff under the direction of Prof. Küstner focused mainly on the fulfillment of ENT-medical care tasks. The spectrum of surgical interventions mainly included adenotomies, tonsillectomies, rehabilitative ear and sinus surgeries.
Despite structural deficiencies and deficits in the subject-specific equipment, the number of interventions was increased from 1621 operations in 1951 to 5085 operations in 1961. In 1965, under the direction of Prof. Küstner, the new operating ward on the ground floor of the clinic was redesigned.
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Friedrich-Wilhelm Oeken (geb. 1923)
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After Küstner's retirement in 1965, he was succeeded by Friedrich-Wilhelm Oeken, a senior physician at the Leipzig Clinic. Oeken habilitated in 1962 with Fritz Moser in Leipzig. He wrote three chapters in the handbook of Berendes. Link and Zöllner, together with F. Moser in his Magdeburg term, wrote several chapters in the two-volume edited by E. Moser in the ENT textbook. Other textbooks published by him and his colleagues are: "Emergencies", "Assessment", "Errors and Dangers of Routine Intervention" and the ENT Student Textbook.
At the end of the sixties and in the seventies, the operation spectrum was extended by functional preservation and improving interventions: tympanoplasty, stapes plastic, larynx partial resection, hypopharynx diverticula. Particular attention was paid to the endoscopy of the upper aero-digestive tract. Brandt, senior physician of Prof. Oeken, modified the breathing bronchoscope developed by Magdeburg pulmonologist Friedel in 1957 for direct laryngoscopy. Under the direction of F.-W. Oeken, the Otoneurology Department was created, with the aim of the BERA firmly being integrated into the audiological diagnostics.
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Kurt Fendel (geb.1929)
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When Oeken followed a call to the Leipzig Univ. ENT Clinic in 1975, Kurt Fendel, Senior Physician in Jena, was assigned to the Chair in Magdeburg. Fendel, who habilitated in 1966, was a student of Rosemarie Albrecht in Jena. He established skull base surgery at the Magdeburg ENT clinic. In 1979, he left the then GDR and worked until his retirement as the chief physician of the Solingen ENT clinic.
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Rudolf Preibisch- Effenberger (1928-2004)
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From 1980 until 1994, Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger was the director of the Department of Otolaryngology of the Medical Academy Magdeburg and later Medical Faculty of Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg. Born in Einsiedel (North Bohemia) on October 13, 1928, he attended the humanistic grammar school in Reichenberg.
After completing his medical studies in Graz, he made his way to Dresden, where in September 1954, he started working as an assistant doctor under Prof. Frommer in the Surgical Clinic. He then moved to the ENT clinic headed by Prof. Hans-Edgar Euler, which was rebuilt in 1954 with the foundation of the Medical Academy Dresden. Prof. Fredo Günnel, the successor of Euler at the Department of Otolaryngology of the Medical Academy "Carl Gustav Carus" Dresden, appointed Rudolf Preibisch -Effenberger 1964 senior chief physician. The Habilitation on the Diagnostics of Central Hearing Disorders in 1966 followed the appointment as a lecturer in 1967. When Professor Günnel became seriously ill, Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger led the Dresen ENT clinic from 1971 to 1977.
Researcher R. Preibisch-Effenberger deals with problems of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis, pediatric tracheal stenosis and pedaudiological questions about meningitis and mastoiditis. He designed a test method for directional hearing and tested its diagnostic value. Under his directorate four employees habilitated. He successfully supervised 78 doctoral candidates and graduate students.
Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger began his senior medical career under the difficult conditions of the division of Germany and was able to finish successfully and honorably as clinic director of the Univ. ENT Clinic Magdeburg after the reunification of Germany. But the political changes within four decades in the East of Germany meant challenge and probation for every humanistic thinker of the time. The life of Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger was characterized by modesty and tolerance towards his colleagues and employees. His liberal, unbiased attitude, which included the strict separation of medical work from political interests, enabled all employees throughout his Magdeburg tenure, regardless of their views, reliable and secure job opportunities.
Under his leadership, a constructive and productive working atmosphere prevailed. He was open to the suggestions of his colleagues, especially his senior physicians, to establish new diagnostic procedures and surgical techniques in everyday clinical practice in which he was regarded with praise and much appreciation. Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger knew how to motivate his employees to work independently and responsibly. Six of his former senior physicians are active today in leading positions as chair or chief physicians. On July 27, 2004, Rudolf Preibisch-Effenberger died in Dresden after a short cardiac disease.
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Bernd Freigang (geb.1941)
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On 01.09.1979, Bernd Freigang received the Venia legendi for the field of ear, nose and throat medicine at the Medical Academy Magdeburg. He was appointed Associate Professor of Otorhinolaryngology at the Medical Academy Magdeburg on 01.09.1988. From 1972 to 1990, Bernd Freigang worked as senior physician and deputy clinic director at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Medical Academy Magdeburg. From 1990 to 1993, Bernd Freigang worked as deputy clinic director at the ENT Clinic of the Charité Berlin. He used this time to expand his skills in skull base surgery. In 1994 B. In 1994, B. was able to return to his old training facility in Magdeburg as head of the department. From 1995 to 1997,, B. Freigang was Medical Director of the University Hospital.
Right from the start, B. Freigang sought out dialogue with specialist colleagues. The exchange of experience in the ENT professional associations is particularly important to him. Also as a sign of trust, the ENT physicians in Eastern Germany elected him as their chairman at the last congress of the Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico-facial Surgery of the GDR in 1990. After reunification, Bernd Freigang transferred the Society to the Northeast German Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery. The annual conferences in Berlin, Magdeburg and Greifswald, among others, were received with great approval. From 1997 on, joint annual conferences of the Northeast German Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Society and the Northwest German Association of ENT Physicians were held.
It is thanks to the great commitment of Bernd Freigang, a long-standing member of the Executive Board, that the two regional societies merged in 2000 to form the North German Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery in Hanover. Bernd Freigang is editor of the Demeter-Verlag Mitteilungen of the North German Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery. In 1992 Bernd Freigang was appointed to the editorial board of the journal "Laryngo-Rhino-Otology" of the Thieme-Verlag Stuttgart.
On October 3, 1993, the Technical University, the College of Education and the Medical Academy Magdeburg were merged to form the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg. The Medical Academy thus lost its independence and today has the status of a medical faculty. 14 clinical-theoretical institutes and 29 clinics are united on campus. As the only maximum care hospital in the northern part of Saxony-Anhalt, the hospital has 1146 fully-equipped inpatient beds. With a number of beds of 73, 2856 patients were treated as inpatients at the Univ.-HNO-Klinik Magdeburg in 2005. With regard to the total number of inpatients, the Univ.-HNO-Klinik occupies the 4th place within the University Hospital. Compared to a length of stay of 12 days in 1972 and 10.4 days in 1994, the average length of stay in the ENT-Clinic could be reduced considerably. It currently amounts to 7.5 days.
The past decade has been characterized by building maintenance and modernization of houses 8 and 9, both inside and outside. The façade of house 8 was newly plastered and painted. The surgical wing and the patient rooms underwent extensive renovation. The room capacity freed up by the general bed reduction, in the Univ.-HNO-Klinik from 110 to 73 beds, was used to expand the specialist functional diagnostics. Among other things, a sleep laboratory was set up and the vestibularis diagnostics were supplemented by dynamic posturography.
Bernd Freigang has contributed his ideas and potential to the development and design of the Magdeburg ENT Clinic for 37 years. Whether as assistant, specialist, senior physician or chief, Bernd Freigang understood how to take up the innovations of the respective time and establish them in the Univ.-HNO-Klinik in Magdeburg. In the 60s of the last century, he devoted himself to questioning the physiology of hearing, in the 70s, improving surgery in hearing was the focus of his interest. In the 80s, his main focus was on the oncology of this field and the plastic-reconstructive surgery required for this. Since 1990, his main focus has been on surgery of the lateral and anterior skull base, CI implantation and the use of implantable hearing aids.
The universal interests and the versatility of the clinic director contributed significantly to the fact that the clinic's range of services in diagnostics, conservative and surgical therapy is very broad. In addition to the entire diagnostic and therapeutic spectrum of an ENT clinic of maximum care, the following interventions are performed, among others: Cochlear implant operations, trans-temporal and translabyrinthine acoustic neuroma extirpations, attachment of bone anchors for osseointegrated epitheses as well as BAHA, paranasal sinus operations with navigation, orbitotomies, microsurgical revascularized tissue transfer for defect closure after complex tumor resections in the area of the upper swallow road, Implantation of self-expanding stents at the hypopharyngo-esophageal junction, endoscopic therapy for paralytic dysphagia with collagen augmentation of the paralyzed vocal fold and Botox injection into the pharyngo-esophageal sphincter, Resection of stenotic tracheal segments with end-to-end anastomosis of the tracheal stumps, transoral laser surgical threshold transection in hypopharyngeal diverticulum, tear duct surgery to the west.
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Christoph Arens (geb.1966)
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Sources:
- Archiv Schmietendorf
- Archiv Audiovisuelles Medienzentrum Univ.-Klinikum Magdeburg
- K. Fleischer, H. H. Naumann: Akademische Lehrstätten und Lehrer der Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie in Deutschland im 20. Jahrhundert
- E. Pies. Eisenbarth. Das Ende einer Legende. Verlag E. & U. Brockhaus. Wuppertal 2004.